Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical technique that can be used to analyze and characterize the structure and composition of chemical substances. In synthetic biology, Raman spectroscopy has various applications, including the following:

1. Cell engineering: Raman spectroscopy can be used to analyze and monitor the metabolic activity and molecular composition of cells. By scanning cells with Raman spectroscopy, information about intracellular metabolites, proteins, nucleic acids, and other molecules can be obtained. This is of great value for studying and optimizing cell culture and metabolic engineering in bioreactors.

2. Biomolecular recognition and identification:Raman spectroscopy can be used to identify and identify biological molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. By comparing Raman spectroscopy databases, the composition and structure of unknown samples can be determined, or specific metabolites can be detected and identified.

3. Genome editing monitoring:Raman spectroscopy can be applied to monitor the efficiency and accuracy of genome editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9. By analyzing the Raman spectral characteristics of specific genes in cells, the effectiveness of gene editing can be evaluated and potential side effects during the editing process can be monitored.

4. Drug development and efficacy evaluation: Raman spectroscopy can be used for drug development and efficacy evaluation. By analyzing the Raman spectra of drug molecules and intracellular drug metabolites, the structure, interaction, and distribution of drugs can be understood, guiding drug design and optimization processes.

5. Cell state monitoring:Raman spectroscopy can monitor the state and response of cells in real-time. For example, in cell culture, by monitoring changes in the Raman spectrum of cells, the health status, stress response, and metabolic activity of cells can be evaluated, thereby adjusting the culture conditions in a timely manner.